Healthline has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical journals and associations. We only use quality, credible sources to ensure content accuracy and integrity. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our editorial policy.
- Alcohol and cancer risk. (2021).
https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/risk/alcohol/alcohol-fact-sheet - Amanat S, et al. (2020). Exercise and type 2 diabetes.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32342452/ - Armstrong L, et al. (2011). Mild dehydration affects mood in healthy young women.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22190027/ - Benefits of physical activity (2022).
https://www.cdc.gov/physicalactivity/basics/pa-health/index.htm - Delpino FM, et al. (2022). Ultra-processed food and risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34904160/ - Dietary guidelines for Americans: 2015 – 2020. Eighth edition. (2019).
https://health.gov/sites/default/files/2019-09/2015-2020_Dietary_Guidelines.pdf - Elizabeth L, et al. (2020). Ultra-processed foods and health outcomes: A narrative review.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7399967/ - Hall K, et al. (2019). Ultra-processed diets cause excess calorie intake and weight gain: An inpatient randomized controlled trial of ad libitum food intake.
//www.cell.com/cell-metabolism/fulltext/S1550-4131(19)30248-7 - Health effects of cigarette smoking. (2021).
https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/fact_sheets/health_effects/effects_cig_smoking/ - Health risks of smoking tobacco. (2020).
https://www.cancer.org/healthy/stay-away-from-tobacco/health-risks-of-tobacco/health-risks-of-smoking-tobacco.html - Mariotti A, et al. (2015). The effects of chronic stress on health: new insights into the molecular mechanisms of brain–body communication.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5137920/ - Martin L, et al. (2018). Creative arts interventions for stress management and prevention—A systematic review.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5836011/ - McTiernan A, et al. (2019). Physical activity in cancer prevention and survival: A systematic review.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6527123/ - Medic G, et al. (2017). Short- and long-term health consequences of sleep disruption.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5449130/ - NIH-funded studies show damaging effects of vaping, smoking on blood vessels. (2022).
https://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/nih-funded-studies-show-damaging-effects-vaping-smoking-blood-vessels - Physical activity guidelines for Americans. 2nd ed. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2019).
https://health.gov/sites/default/files/2019-10/PAG_ExecutiveSummary.pdf - Primack BA, et al. (2016). Systematic review and meta-analysis of inhaled toxicants from waterpipe and cigarette smoking.
http://www.primack.net/professional/articles/r075phr2015.pdf - Rosenkrantz M, et al. (2013). A comparison of mindfulness-based stress reduction and an active control in modulation of neurogenic inflammation.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0889159112004758 - Roy A, et al. (2017). Tobacco and cardiovascular disease: A summary of evidence.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK525170/ - Spadola C, et al. (2019). Evening intake of alcohol, caffeine, and nicotine: night-to-night associations with sleep duration and continuity among African Americans in the Jackson Heart Sleep Study.
https://academic.oup.com/sleep/article/42/11/zsz136/5535848 - Srour B, et al. (2019). Ultra-processed food intake and risk of cardiovascular disease: prospective cohort study.
https://www.bmj.com/content/365/bmj.l1451 - Vaccarino V, et al. (2021). Association of mental stress–induced myocardial ischemia with cardiovascular events in patients with coronary heart disease.
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/2785948 - What is a standard drink? (n.d.).
link
